20’ STANDARD

Capacity 33.2 cbm / 1,172 cbft
ISO Type Group 22 GP
ISO Size Type 22 G1

Inner length: 5.900 mm
Internal width: 2.352 mm
Internal height: 2.395 mm
Width: 2.340 mm
Height: 2.292 mm
Capacity: 33 m3
Container weight: 2350 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 28130 Kgs

40’ STANDARD

Capacity 67.7 cbm / 2,390 cbft
ISO Type Group 42 GP
ISO Size Type 42 G1

Inner length: 12.032 mm
Internal width: 2.352 mm
Internal height: 2.395 mm
Width: 2.340 mm
Height: 2.292 mm
Capacity: 67 m3
Container weight: 3750 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 28750 Kgs

40’ STANDARD HIGH-CUBE

Capacity 76.3 cbm / 2,694 cbft
ISO Type Group 45 GP
ISO Size Type 45 G1

Inner length: 12.032 mm
Internal width: 2.350 mm
Internal height: 2.700 mm
Width: 2.340 mm
Height: 2.597 mm
Capacity: 76 m3
Container weight: 3900 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 28600 Kgs

45’ STANDARD HIGH-CUBE

Capacity 86,0 cbm (3,037 cbft)
ISO Type Group L5GP
ISO Size Type 2L5G1

Inner length: 13.556 mm
Internal width: 2.352 m
Internal height: 2.700 mm
Width: 2.340 mm
Height: 2.597 mm
Capacity: 86 m3
Container weight: 4800 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 27700 Kgs

20’ FLATRACK

ISO Type Group 22 PC
ISO Size Type 22 P3

Inner length: 5.638 mm
Internal width: 2.438 mm
Internal height: 2.255 mm
Width: 0.000 m
Height: 0.000 m
Capacity: 0 m3
Container weight: 2900 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 42100 Kgs

40’ FLATRACK HIGH-CUBE

ISO Type Group 45 PC
ISO Size Type 45 P3

Inner length: 11.652 mm
Internal width: 2.347 mm
Internal height: 2.265 mm
Width: 0.000 m
Height: 0.000 m
Capacity: 0 m3
Container weight: 5900 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 49100 Kgs

20’ OPENTOP

Capacity 32.5 cbm / 1,149 cbft
ISO Type Group 22 UT
ISO Size Type 22 U1

Inner length: 5.895 mm
Internal width: 2.350 mm
Internal height: 2.340 mm
Width: 2.338 mm
Height: 2.280 mm
Capacity: 32 m3
Container weight: 2450 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 30050 Kgs

40’ OPENTOP HIGH CUBE

Capacity 74.9cbm / 2,645cbft
ISO Type Group 45 UT
ISO Size Type 45 U1

Inner length: 12.029 mm
Internal width: 2.352 mm
Internal height: 2.683 mm
Width: 2.352 mm
Height: 2.649 mm
Capacity: 32 m3
Container weight: 4250 Kgs
Maximum load weight: 28250 Kgs

In this section of reference information, we will talk about oversized transportation and a method for determining the degree of oversize.

The procedure and conditions for the carriage of oversized cargo is determined by the document: «Instruction for the carriage of oversized and heavy cargo on the railways of the CIS member states, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Estonia DCh-1835.»

Cargo, including packaging and fastening, is oversized if, when placed on an open rolling stock (platform, gondola car, conveyor), located on a straight horizontal section of the track and when the longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry of the car is aligned with the axis of the railway track, it exceeds the outline of the main loading gauge (see Fig.), or its geometric offsets in curves outside the main loading gauge exceed the geometric offsets in the corresponding curves of the design car (calculated oversize).

The estimated oversize should be determined by the consignor for the goods:

— long, when the value of the ratio of their length to the base of the rolling stock is more than 1.41;

— platforms transported on trailers;

— transported on conveyors with a base of 17 m and more.

The method for determining the estimated oversize is given in Appendix 2 to Instruction DCh-1835.

Depending on the height from the level of the rail head, on which the cargo goes beyond the loading gauge, there are three main oversized zones:

— the area of the bottom oversize — at a height of 480 to 1229 mm at a distance from the track axis of 1626 — 1760 mm and at a height of 1230 to 1399 mm — at a distance of 1626 — 2240 mm;

— lateral oversize area — at a height from 1400 to 4000 mm (inclusive);

— the area of the upper oversize — at a height from 4001 to 5300 mm.

— conditional area of joint lateral and upper oversize: at a height from the level of the rail heads from 4001 to 4625 mm at a distance from the track axis from 1625 mm to the border of the «zone» of oversize.

Depending on the size of the exit of oversized cargo beyond the outline of the main loading gauge, the following degrees of oversized cargo are established:

— in the lower oversize area — six degrees;

— in the lateral oversize area — six degrees;

— in the area of the upper oversize — three degrees.

Rules for Sea and Inland Waterway Transport:

FAS — Free Alongside Ship: Risk passes to buyer, including payment of all transportation and insurance costs, once delivered alongside the ship (realistically at named port terminal) by the seller. The export clearance obligation rests with the seller.

FOB — Free On Board: Risk passes to buyer, including payment of all transportation and insurance costs, once delivered on board the ship by the seller. A step further than FAS.

CFR — Cost and Freight: Seller delivers goods and risk passes to buyer when on board the vessel. Seller arranges and pays cost and freight to the named destination port. A step further than FOB.

CIF — Cost, Insurance and Freight: Risk passes to buyer when delivered on board the ship. Seller arranges and pays cost, freight and insurance to destination port. Adds insurance costs to CFR.

Rules for Any Mode or Modes of Transportation:

EXW — Ex Works: Seller delivers (without loading) the goods at disposal of buyer at seller’s premises. Long held as the most preferable term for those new-to-export because it represents the minimum liability to the seller. On these routed transactions, the buyer has limited obligation to provide export information to the seller.

FCA — Free Carrier: Seller delivers the goods to the carrier and may be responsible for clearing the goods for export (filing the EEI). More realistic than EXW because it includes loading at pick-up, which is commonly expected, and sellers are more concerned about export violations.

CPT — Carriage Paid To: Seller delivers goods to the carrier at an agreed place, shifting risk to the buyer, but seller must pay cost of carriage to the named place of destination.

CIP — Carriage and Insurance Paid To: Seller delivers goods to the carrier at an agreed place, shifting risk to the buyer, but seller pays carriage and insurance to the named place of destination.

DAT — Delivered at Terminal: Seller bears cost, risk and responsibility until goods are unloaded (delivered) at named quay, warehouse, yard, or terminal at destination. Demurrage or detention charges may apply to seller. Seller clears goods for export, not import. DAT replaces DEQ, DES.

DAP — Delivered at Place: Seller bears cost, risk and responsibility for goods until made available to buyer at named place of destination. Seller clears goods for export, not import. DAP replaces DAF, DDU.

DDP — Delivered Duty Paid: Seller bears cost, risk and responsibility for cleared goods at named place of destination at buyers disposal. Buyer is responsible for unloading. Seller is responsible for import clearance, duties and taxes so buyer is not “importer of record”.

INCOTERMS DO NOT…

— Determine ownership or transfer title to the goods, nor evoke payment terms.

— Apply to service contracts, nor define contractual rights or obligations (except for delivery) or breach of contract remedies.

— Protect parties from their own risk or loss, nor cover the goods before or after delivery.

— Specify details of the transfer, transport, and delivery of the goods. Container loading is NOT considered packaging, and must be addressed in the sales contract.

— Remember, Incoterms are not law and there is NO default Incoterm

Volumetric weight refers to the overall size of a parcel and is measured in volumetric kilograms. Volumetric weight can be calculated by multiplying the length, width and height of a parcel (in cm) and dividing that figure by 5000 (some carriers use a divisor of 4000).

You may often find that the price of your shipment is dictated by the volumetric weight of your parcel(s) rather than the physical weight. This is because our pricing is calculated based on whichever is the greater out of the volumetric weight and the physical weight.

For example, you could have a box of feathers that is quite large, say 100 cm X 50 cm X 50 cm but is relatively lightweight at 5kgs. Using the above calculation (length X width X height / 5000), the volume of this parcel is 50 volumetric kilograms. As the volume ‘outweighs’ the physical weight of 5kgs, the price is based on 50 kilograms. For this reason it is extremely important to measure parcel(s) their widest, longest and highest points. Any bulges, handles, tags or packaging that could break the beam of a measuring laser must be included.

It’s worth noting that it works the other way around too. You could have a small box of heavy metal components (30 cm x 30 cm x 20cm) weighing 10kg in physical weight. The volume of this parcel is 5.4kgs. So in this instance the volumetric weight is lower than the physical weight meaning that the price would be calculated on 10kg.

Volumetric Weight Calculator

The formula for calculating volumetric weight is length x width x height (cm) / 5000.

Container Ships

As the name suggests, a vessel structured specifically to hold huge quantities of cargo compacted in different types of containers is referred to as a container vessel (ship).

Types of Container Ships On Basis Of Sizes:

— Panamax
— Suezmax
— Post-Panamax
— Post-Suezmax
— Post-Malaccamax

Refrigerated Container Ships: These Vessels carry refrigerated cargo (mainly in refrigerated containers)

Bulk Carrier Ships

Bulk carriers are a type of ship which transports cargoes (generally dry cargo) in bulk quantities. The cargo transported in such ships is loose cargo, i.e. without any specific packaging and generally contains items like food grains, ores and coals and even cement.

— Conventional bulkers
— Geared bulker
— Gearless bulker
— Self-discharging bulker
— Lakers
— BIBO

Some other forms of dry cargo are:

Tramps: A boat or ship engaged in the tramp trade does not have a fixed schedule or published ports of call.
Cargo Liners: An ocean liner is designed to transport passengers from point A to point B. The classic example of such a voyage would be a transatlantic crossing from Europe to America.

Tanker Ships

Tanker ships are specialised vessels for carrying a large amount of liquid cargo. Tankers are further sub-divided into different types based on the cargo they carry.

The main types of tankers are:
Oil Tankers: Oil tankers mainly carry crude oil and its by-products.
Liquefied Gas Carriers: A gas carrier (or gas tanker) is designed to transport LPG, LNG or liquefied chemical gases in bulk.
Chemical and Product Carriers: A chemical tanker is a type of tanker ship designed to transport chemicals and different liquid products in bulk
Other types of tankers: Some other types of tankers are juice tankers, wine tankers, integrated tug barges etc.

Based on their size, tankers are further divided into various types such as:

— VLCC
— ULCC
— Panamax
— Aframax
— Suezmax
— Capesize
— Handymax
— Lighters
— Handy

Roll-on Roll-Off Ships

Ro-Ro is an acronym for Roll-on/roll-off. Roll-on/roll-off ships are vessels that are used to carry wheeled cargo.

— Pure Car Carrier (PCC) and Pure Car and Truck Carrier (PCTC) RoRo Ships
— Container Vessel + Ro-Ro (ConRo) Ship
— General Cargo + Ro-Ro Ship (GenRo) Ships
— RoPax
— Complete RoRo Ships

Passenger Ships

Passenger ships, as the name suggests, are mainly used for transiting passengers.

They are mainly classified into:

Ferries – Vessels used for transiting passengers (and vehicles) on short-distance routes are called ferries.

Cruise Ships – Mainly used for recreational activities, cruise ships are like luxurious floating hotels with state-of-the-art facilities.

They are further classified as:

— Liners, Cruise Ships, Pilgrimage Ships
— Cross Channel Ferries, Coastal Ferries, Harbour Ferries
— Arctic and Antarctic Cruises

Offshore Vessels

Offshore vessels mainly help in oil exploration and construction jobs at sea. Offshore vessels are of several types.

Some of the main ones are:

Supply Ship: Vessels that supply to offshore rigs
Pipe Layers: Vessels engages in laying pipes and cables
Crane Barges or floating cranes: A crane vessel, crane ship or floating crane is a ship with a crane specialized in lifting heavy loads
Semi-submersible Drill Rigs: These are Mobile Offshore Drilling Units to make stable platforms for drilling oil and gas
Drill Ships: A drillship is a merchant vessel designed for use in exploratory offshore drilling of new oil and gas wells or scientific drilling purposes
Accommodation Barges: Could be a stand-alone floating hotel or can include accommodation as well as space for Cargo
Production Platforms: To extract and process oil and natural gas or to temporarily store product until it can be brought to shore for refining and marketing
Floating Storage Unit (FSU) – Floating vessel mainly used for storage of oil and by-products.
Floating Production and Storage Unit (FPSO):A floating production storage and offloading unit is a floating vessel used by the offshore oil and gas industry for the production and processing of hydrocarbons and the storage of oil
Anchor handling vessels – These are used for offshore construction and installation operations.
Diving vessels – Are vessels used by divers for diving in the ocean for underwater jobs.